MindMap-10 Problem Solving Strategies

MindMap-10 Problem Solving Strategies

• 1. Strategies to help you understand the problem
  • Clarify the problem
  • Identify key elements of the problem
  • Visualize the problem or a relevant process or situation
  • Draw a picture or diagram of the problem or a relevant process or situation
  • Create a model of the problem or a relevant process
  • Imagine being the problem, a key process, or the solution
  • Simulate or act out a key element of the problem
  • Consider a specific example
  • Consider extreme cases
  • Change perspective
  • Consider levels and systems
• 2. Strategies to help you simplify the task
  • Simplify the problem
  • Solve one part at a time
  • Redefine the problem
• 3. Strategies to help you determine the cause of the problem
  • Collect information about what happens before, during, and after the problem
  • Organize information into a table, chart, or list and look for a pattern
  • Try to make the problem worse
  • Compare situations with and without the problem
  • Consider multiple causes and interactions
  • Consider non linear effects
• 4. Strategies involving the use of external aids to help you identify possible solutions
  • Ask someone, especially an expert
  • Seek the answer in written material
  • Use a tool or technology
  • Apply a theory
  • Apply the scientific method
  • Use mathematics
  • Use a formula
• 5. Strategies involving the use of logic to help you identify possible solutions
  • Reason by analogy in using what you have learned about similar problems
  • Use deductive reasoning
  • Use inductive reasoning
  • Question assumptions
• 6. Strategies using a possible solution as a starting point to help you solve a problem
  • Guess, check, and adjust
  • Work backward
• 7. Strategies using a geometry of problem solving
  • Do the opposite of what you have been doing
  • Try a totally different approach
• 8. Strategies to help you determine which possible solution is best
  • Estimate the likely costs and benefits of possible solutions
  • Choose one or more options to implement
  • Implement the best solutions and collect information about the effects of it
• 9. Strategies to help you function optimally while problem solving
  • Think of options without immediately evaluating them
  • Set a goal with a purpose you value
  • Avoid distraction
  • Work in a new setting
  • Adjust time limit to optimum
  • Work with someone
  • Create a positive mood with an optimum arousal level
  • Think of the problem as a challenge or opportunity
  • Think confidently
  • Take a break
  • Persist
• 10. Strategies to help you solve multiple problems
  • Adopt a problem solving orientation
  • Apply triage
  • Solve one problem at a time
• MTBi Quality Theory
  • MTBi-the number of hours the equipment is running without failure or interrupt
  • Excursion is inversely proportional to MTBi
  • More tool interrups, more likelihood of excursions
  • Qm=MTBi=1/interrrupt=1/failure=1/problem=1/excursion
  • Rm=Reliability Metric
  • Qm=Quality Metric
  • E=Excursion
  • Qm=Rm=1/E
  • E=0
    • 1/interrupt
    • 1/failure
    • 1/problem
  • Qm=Quality Metric
    • OEE
      • Overall Equipment Effeciency, bigger #=better
    • Stop Loss
      • Downtime, smaller #=better
    • M-Ratio
      • Ratio of BM/PM, smaller #=better
    • MTBi
      • Mean Time Between Interrupt/Failure, bigger #=better [hrs]
      • Factors affecting MTBi
        • interrupts
        • failures
        • problems
      • 1/interrupts
        • MTBi is inversely proportional to the # of interrupts
        • the less # of interrupts, the greater is the uptime of the equipment
        • the less interrupt, the better the MTBi metric
      • no failures=no excursions
  • Rm=Reliability Metric
    • f [k-system, subsystem, components, software, procedures, facilities, human factor]
    • f [k]
    • better system performance
    • better subsystem performance
    • better component performance
    • better software performance
    • better procedures
    • better facilities
    • better workforce
    • More reliable equipment
  • How to improve Quality?
  • How to improve Reliability?
  • How to avoid Excursions?
  • Improve MTBi
  • zero interrupt
  • zero failure
  • zero problem
    • 1. Identify Event
    • 2. Identify Problem
    • 3. Identify Failure Mode
    • 4. Identify Failure Effect
    • 5. Identify Failure Mechanism
    • 6. Identify Failure Cause
    • 7. Identify Corrective Actions
    • 8. Implement Corrective Actions
    • 9. Repeat Step1-8
    • FMEA/FTA/FMECA
• FMEA and DFR
  • Product Requirements
  • Customer Usage
  • Field Data
  • Input
  • Design FMEA
  • Physics of Failure System Analysis Reliability Prediction Robust Design
  • Product/Process Requirements
  • Manufacturing Data
  • Input
  • Process FMEA
  • Volume Manufacturing Process Control Plans
  • Failure Modes
    • Developmental Testing
    • System Testing
    • Process Testing
    • Corrective Action Testing
    • Drives Design Improvements Drives Process Improvements